PREVALENCE OF METHICILLIN AND VANCOMYCIN RESISTANCE GENES IN STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATED FROM CLINICAL SPECIMENS IN AL-SAMAWAH CITY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48047/3mqdxj31Keywords:
Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin, vancomycinAbstract
Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA), is one of the most common nosocomial infections in humans and animals. The genes mecA and vanA in the S. aureus are the marker of MRSA and VRSA, respectively. The main objective of this study was to detect the prevalence of mecA and vanA genes which cause resistance against methicillin and vancomycin in the Al- Samawah, respectively. One hundred samples (8 burns, 68wounds, 11 skin sores and 13 urines) were collected from patients in Al-Hussein teaching hospital and medical clinics, Al-Muthanna. Then biochemical tests were performed for conventional identification. Modified Kirbry-Bauer disc diffusion method was applied. The DNA of all isolates was extracted, then PCR was thenperformed for amplification of mecA, VanA genes .The results confirmed the existence of S.aureus in 41 out of 100 isolates. The S. aureus isolates showed high incidences of resistance against methicillin and vancomycin about 70% and 80%, respectively. Isolates were also resistant to other antibiotics, such as CX (60%), however the isolates showed more sensitive to following antibiotics including G (40%), CIP (50%), AZM (30%) and T (30%). PCR results revealed that 41 (41.00%) isolates of S. aureus. In addition, 25 (60.97%) and 19 (46.3%) isolates of S. aureus were harbored mecA and VanA, respectively. In conclusions, S. aureus is a commensal gram- positive bacterium that has captured the attention of the medical community for more than a century. The emergence of MRSA and VRSA strains in the community has increased the risk of infections caused by these strains, as they usually express multidrug resistance. There is a need for continuous surveillance and monitoring of the presence of MRSA and VRSA strains in the community and a clear understanding of the dynamics of the spread of MRSA and VRSA strains will assist in controlling its dissemination
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