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Adherence of Patients with Chronic Renal Failure to Therapeutic Regimen
Background: Chronic renal failure is a global health and healthcare burden that is rapidly increasing. Therapeutic adherence is a crucial factor that helps these patients to achieve good therapeutic results and reduces morbidity and mortality. Adherence to the treatment was affected by several factors which are grouped to treatment regimen, psychosocial and economic factors, the factors related to healthcaresystem and the factors related to illness
Adherence, Chronic Renal Failure, Therapeutic Regimen.
Nada Ahmed Mohamed , Fathia Attia Mohamed , Elham Hamd Mohamed, Mohamed Hebeshy Abd-elgayed
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
Nurses' Performance Regarding Arthroplasty and Patients' Safety Measures
Background: Arthroplasty (knee and hip) are effective treatments for late-stage osteoarthritis (OA) and have the potential to substantially increase patient quality of life after the surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the nurses' performance regarding arthroplasty and patients' safety measures.
Nurses' Performance, Patients' Safety Measures, Arthroplasty.
Fatma Habib Mohamed Mahmoud , Fathia Attia Mohamed , Naglaa Abd ElKareem Moghazy , and Fatma Mohamed Abdelhamid
Attitude and Motivators of Community Dwelling Older Adults Toward Using Mobile Health Technology
Background: Mobile health technology presents opportunities for health management in older adults. Although it can enhance monitoring and communication with healthcare providers, there are barriers that may impede its adoption. Aim of the study: Evaluate attitude and motivators of community dwelling older adults toward using mobile health technology. Subjects and Methods: Research design: Descriptive design. Setting: The study was conducted at Fadadna village, Fakous city, Sharkia governorate, Egypt, which was randomly selected by using the multistage cluster sampling technique. Subjects: The study subjects were 300 rural older adults, a purposive sample was used
Attitude, Community Dwelling Older Adults, Mobile Health Technology, Motivators.
Nosa Elsayed Mohamed Elsayed , Eman Shokry Abdallah , Reda Abd-Elrahman Ahmed
Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Diabetic Kidney Disease: Challenges and Contemporary Revascularization Strategies
Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). The coexistence of diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney dysfunction accelerates atherosclerosis through complex metabolic, inflammatory, and vascular mechanisms, resulting in more extensive coronary involvement and poorer cardiovascular outcomes than those observed in the general population
Coronary Artery Disease, Diabetic Kidney Disease, Revascularization Strategies
Mahmoud Abdelaziz Abdelrashid, Ahmed Shafie Ammar, Abdulrahman Abdullah Abdulrahman Ibrahim*, Shimaa Gamal Zien El Abdeen
Digital Artery Perforator-Based Propeller Flaps for Fingertip Defects: Clinical Evaluation and Reconstructive Considerations
Background: Fingertip injuries are common hand trauma presentations and may cause functional, sensory, and aesthetic impairment when reconstruction is inadequate. Digital artery perforator-based propeller flaps provide local, vascularized, sensate-compatible tissue while preserving the main digital artery and avoiding staged procedures.This review evaluates the anatomical basis, reconstructive indications, surgical principles, clinical outcomes, advantages, limitations, and complications of digital artery perforator-based propeller flaps for fingertip defect reconstruction
Digital Artery Perforator-Based Propeller Flaps, Fingertip Defect, Clinical Evaluation , Reconstructive Considerations
Raafat Abd El-Latif Anani, Amr Nabil Emara Gafar, Ayman FIkry Mehanna, Hisham Aboalez Ibrahim
Endothelial Injury Biomarkers in Pediatric Lupus: Focus on Endocan as an Early Predictor of Vascular Dysfunction
Background: Pediatric-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (pSLE) is a chronic multisystem autoimmune disease characterized by heightened disease severity, cumulative organ damage, and increased long-term cardiovascular morbidity compared with adult-onset disease. Endothelial dysfunction represents a critical early event in the pathogenesis of premature atherosclerosis observed in children with lupus, often preceding overt clinical cardiovascular disease. Traditional cardiovascular risk assessment tools are insufficient in pediatric lupus, underscoring
Vascular Dysfunction, Endothelial Injury , Pediatric Lupus
Mona Hamed Gehad , Ezzat kamel Amin , Esraa Ashraf Mahmoud Ali , Rabab Mohamed Abdelhay , Weaam Ibrahim Ismail
Anatomical and Embryological Consequences of Prenatal Oxcarbazepine Exposure on Hippocampal and Cerebral Cortical Development
Background: Oxcarbazepine (OXC) is a second-generation antiseizure medication widely prescribed for the management of epilepsy and other neurological disorders in women of reproductive age. Although OXC is generally considered to possess a more favorable teratogenic profile than several older antiseizure medications, increasing experimental evidence has raised concerns regarding its potential influence on fetal brain development. The hippocampus and cerebral cortex are among the most complex and vulnerable regions of the developing central nervous system, undergoing tightly regulated processes of neurogenesis, neuronal migration, differentiation, synaptogenesis, and programmed cell death throughout embryonic and fetal life. Any disruption of these events during critical developmental windows may result in persistent structural and functional abnormalities with long-term neurodevelopmental consequences.
Anatomical, Embryological, Consequences, Oxcarbazepine, Hippocampal ,Cerebral Cortical Development
Ayat M Domouky, Samaa Salah Abd El-Fatah, Esraa Nagy Abdelhameed Ibrahim, Mahmoud Ramadan Elkholy
Coronary Artery Tortuosity: Beyond an Incidental Angiographic Finding:Implications for Myocardial Mechanics Evaluated by Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography
Background: Coronary artery tortuosity (CAT) has traditionally been regarded as a benign angiographic finding with limited clinical significance. However, accumulating evidence suggests that CAT may be associated with altered coronary hemodynamics, reduced distal perfusion pressure, impaired coronary flow reserve, and myocardial ischemia even in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease. Patients with CAT frequently present with angina-like symptoms, positive stress tests, or reversible perfusion abnormalities despite normal epicardial coronary arteries. In recent years, advances in myocardial deformation imaging have enabled the detection of subtle abnormalities
Coronary Artery Tortuosity, Angiographic Finding, Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography
Ahmed Shaker, Mohamed Wafaie M. M. Aboleineen , Muhammad El Sayed El Sayed Moustafa, Shimaa Gamal Zein ELabdeen
Potential Effects of Liraglutide on Male Reproductive Dysfunction Associated with Obesity
Background: Obesity is increasingly recognized as an important contributor to male reproductive dysfunction through hormonal imbalance, insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, impaired hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, and direct damage to testicular tissue. These alterations may reduce testosterone production, impair spermatogenesis, decrease sperm quality, and increase the risk of hypogonadism and infertility. Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist, is widely used for glycemic control and weight management and may exert additional reproductive benefits through metabolic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and endocrinemechanisms. This review evaluates the potential effects of liraglutide on obesity-associated male reproductive dysfunction
Liraglutide, Male Reproductive Dysfunction, Obesity
Mohamed Abdel Raouf ElGhannam, Reham Hassan Ibrahim, Nada Abdel Maksoud Mohamed Salah Eldeen, Lamiaa Goda Mohammad
Clinical Utility of Interleukins in Sepsis-Associated Acute Kidney Injury: Current Evidence and Future Perspectives
Background: Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is one of the most frequent and devastating complications of sepsis, substantially increasing morbidity, mortality, length of intensive care unit stay, and long-term risk of chronic kidney disease. Despite advances in supportive care, early diagnosis and accurate risk stratification remain challenging because conventional biomarkers, including serum creatinine and urine output, often fail to detect renal injury during
Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury; Interleukin-6; Interleukin-10
Khaled Mohammed Youssef , Ahmed Noaman , Yasser Abdelmonem Abdelsalam Hindy , Ahmed Abdulsaboor Mohamed and Usama Ragab
Predictors of Mortality in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Comprehensive Review
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive respiratory disorder characterized by persistent airflow limitation, chronic inflammation, and significant systemic manifestations. COPD remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, imposing a substantial burden on healthcare systems and negatively affecting quality of life. Despite advances in pharmacological and nonpharmacological management, mortality rates among COPD
Predictors , Mortality , Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Amany Shaker Redwan, Alaa Metwally Mohamed, Amira Ahmed Abdelrahman Mohamed, Dalia Anas Ibrahim
PREVALENCE AND CUTANEOUS MANIFESTATIONS OF SKIN DISORDERS AMONG ELDERLY PATIENTS ATTENDING A DERMATOLOGY OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT: A HOSPITAL-BASED CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Background: The global and Indian populations are ageing rapidly, and age-related decline in skin-barrier function, immunosenescence and a rising burden of chronic disease make cutaneous disorders exceptionally common among older adults. Contemporary region-specific data describing the pattern of geriatric dermatoses in South India remain limited. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of skin disorders among elderly patients (aged >=60 years) attending a dermatology outpatient department in South India, to characterise the spectrum and clinical manifestations of these disorders, and to describe the accompanying comorbidity, polypharmacy and risk-factor profile. Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study analysed 300 consecutive patients aged >=60 years attending a tertiary-care dermatology outpatient service. Each patient underwent a complete dermatological examination; data on demographics, diagnosis, body site, morphology, severity, symptoms, comorbidities, polypharmacy, risk factors and diagnostic basis were recorded on a structured proforma. Descriptive statistics were computed and associations tested using the chi-square test, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results: The mean age was 71.7 years (SD 7.4; range 60-84) with a male predominance (168; 56.0%; M:F 1.27:1). At least one skin disorder was present in 246 of 300 patients (82.0%). Xerosis was the single commonest diagnosis (46; 15.3%), followed by fungal infection (44; 14.7%) and eczematous dermatitis (40; 13.3%). Infective dermatoses collectively (fungal, bacterial, viral and scabies) formed the largest disease category, affecting 90 patients (30.0%). The lower limb was the commonest site and dry scaling the commonest morphology; pruritus (58.1%) was the dominant symptom, and the mean lesion duration was 186.7 days. The population carried a heavy burden of hypertension (58.7%), polypharmacy (>=5 drugs; 50.3%) and diabetes mellitus (43.3%). Diabetes was not significantly associated with the presence of any skin disorder (chi-square = 0.11, p = 0.74). Conclusion: A very high proportion (82.0%) of elderly dermatology attendees had at least one skin disorder, typically of long duration. Xerosis was the commonest specific diagnosis and infective dermatoses the largest category, against a background of substantial comorbidity and polypharmacy. The findings support dedicated geriatric-dermatology services, emollient and skin-care education, and attention to polypharmacy in South India.
Copyright (c) 2026 Dr.Ganesam Venkata Lakshmi Naveena1, Dr. Ponaka Srilatha Reddy2 (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
CLINICAL PROFILE AND PREDISPOSING FACTORS OF SUPERFICIAL FUNGAL INFECTIONS (DERMATOPHYTOSIS) AMONG PATIENTS ATTENDING A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Background: Dermatophytosis, the commonest superficial fungal infection of keratinised tissue, has emerged as a major public-health concern across India, where the hot and humid climate, changing lifestyles, over-the-counter topical corticosteroid misuse and irrational antifungal use have driven a surge in chronic and recurrent disease. Contemporary regional data describing the clinical profile and predisposing factors in South India remain limited. Objectives: To characterise the demographic and clinical profile, identify predisposing factors, describe the mycological spectrum, and evaluate the diagnostic yield of potassium hydroxide (KOH) microscopy and fungal culture among patients with clinically suspected dermatophytosis attending a tertiary-care dermatology service in South India. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study analysed 300 consecutive patients with clinically suspected superficial fungal infection. Demographic details, predisposing factors, clinical type, anatomical site and severity were recorded on a structured proforma. KOH microscopy and Sabouraud dextrose agar culture with species identification were performed where feasible. Descriptive statistics were computed and associations tested using the chi-square test, with p < 0.05 considered significant. Results: The mean age was 42.8 years (SD 21.6; range 5–80), with a male predominance (176; 58.7%; M:F 1.42:1). Tinea cruris (26.0%) and tinea corporis (22.3%) were the commonest clinical types, together accounting for nearly half of cases. The mean symptom duration was 91.7 days, and severe disease was recorded in 149 (49.7%). KOH microscopy was positive in 166 patients (55.3% of all patients; 79.4% of those tested) and culture in 91 (30.3%). Trichophyton rubrum was the predominant isolate (36; 39.6%). Frequent predisposing factors were previous tinea (32.7%), wet-work exposure (28.7%) and shared clothing or towels (25.3%); topical corticosteroid use (10.3%) and prior antifungal use (19.0%) were notable. Neither topical corticosteroid use versus multi-site involvement (p = 0.59) nor diabetes versus severity (p = 0.31) reached significance. Conclusion: Dermatophytosis affected all age groups with a male predominance, was dominated by glabrous-skin tinea and T. rubrum, and was frequently chronic and extensive. The pattern underscores the need for preventive counselling, restriction of topical-steroid misuse and antifungal stewardship in South India.
Biofeedback-Guided Voice Therapy for Pediatric Habitual Dysphonia: Evidence, Mechanisms, and Clinical Implications
Background: Habitual dysphonia is one of the most frequently encountered voice disorders in pediatric populations and is commonly associated with chronic vocal misuse, phonotraumatic behaviors, and functional alterations in phonatory patterns. Children with habitual dysphonia often present with hoarseness, vocal fatigue, reduced vocal endurance, and altered pitch or loudness characteristics. If left untreated, these abnormal vocal behaviors may lead to structural changes in the vocal folds such as vocal nodules and may significantly
Biofeedback, Pediatric habitual Dysphonia
Nasser Labib Al Nakib, Enas Refaat Ez Eldeen Mostafa, Amal Saeed Quriba, Omnia Zakaria Elshebl
SPECTRUM OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING FINDINGS IN PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY FROM A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL
Background: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is one of the most frequent reasons for outpatient consultation and imaging referral in India. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the modality of choice for evaluating the lumbar spine because of its superior soft-tissue contrast and multiplanar capability, yet the spectrum of findings encountered in unselected patients from a South Indian tertiary care setting is incompletely characterised. Objective: To describe the spectrum, distribution and relative frequency of lumbar MRI findings in adults presenting with CLBP and to explore associations of degenerative changes with age, occupation and clinical features. Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional, descriptive imaging study was conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis of a tertiary care teaching hospital in South India over the study period. Consecutive adults with CLBP of more than three months' duration referred for lumbar MRI were included. Imaging was performed on a 1.5 T (or [field strength]) scanner using a standard lumbar protocol, and findings were recorded per intervertebral level. Data were analysed descriptively; chi-square and t-tests were used for associations, with p<0.05 considered significant. Results: Among 300 patients (mean age 51.7 +/- 19.6 years; 173 women, 57.7%), degenerative changes dominated. Disc degeneration prevalence increased caudally, being maximal at L4-L5 (63.7%) and L5-S1 (59.0%). Disc bulge was the commonest morphology (55.0%), followed by protrusion (24.7%). Neural foraminal narrowing (37.0%), facet arthropathy (34.3%) and canal stenosis (22.3%) were frequent. Lumbar spondylosis/degenerative disc disease was the leading impression (75.3%). A small but important minority showed red-flag findings: vertebral compression fracture (2.7%), severe canal stenosis (2.7%) and suspected spondylodiscitis (0.7%). Multilevel degeneration and canal stenosis rose significantly with age (p<0.001). Conclusion: Degenerative disease, maximal at the lower lumbar levels, accounts for the overwhelming majority of MRI findings in South Indian patients with CLBP, while a clinically relevant minority harbour serious pathology. Given the well-recognised imperfect correlation between imaging and symptoms, MRI should be requested judiciously and interpreted alongside clinical findings
DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF ULTRASONOGRAPHY COMPARED WITH MAMMOGRAPHY IN THE EVALUATION OF PALPABLE BREAST LUMPS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY FROM A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL
Background: Palpable breast lumps are a common presenting complaint among women attending outpatient services in South India, and accurate, timely triage into benign and malignant categories is essential for appropriate management. Ultrasonography (USG) and mammography are the two principal imaging modalities available at most tertiary centres, but their comparative performance in a relatively young, dense-breasted South Indian population is incompletely characterized. Objective: To determine and compare the diagnostic accuracy of high-resolution USG and mammography, individually and in combination, against histopathology as the reference standard, in women presenting with palpable breast lumps. Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy study was conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, tertiary care teaching hospital, India, during sixs months. Consecutive women with a palpable breast lump underwent high-resolution USG and mammography, each interpreted with the Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS), followed by histopathological confirmation. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV, NPV) and accuracy were computed for each index test; overall correct classification was compared using the McNemar test (p<0.05). Results: Among 240 women (mean age 44.8 +/- 13.7 years; 72.5% premenopausal), histopathology confirmed malignancy in 85 (35.4%). USG achieved a sensitivity of 95.3%, specificity 83.9%, PPV 76.4%, NPV 97.0% and accuracy 87.9%, whereas mammography achieved a sensitivity of 89.4%, specificity 89.0%, PPV 81.7%, NPV 93.9% and accuracy 89.2%. Combined testing (either modality positive) raised sensitivity to 98.8% and NPV to 99.2% but reduced specificity to 76.1%. The McNemar comparison of overall correct classification showed no statistically significant difference between USG and mammography (discordant pairs b=20, c=23; p=0.76). Conclusion: In this young, dense-breasted South Indian cohort, USG was more sensitive and mammography more specific, with comparable overall accuracy. The two modalities are complementary; combined testing maximises sensitivity and NPV. USG is a valuable first-line and adjunct test for the evaluation of palpable breast lumps in South India.
Effect of Non-Pharmacological Pain Management Program on Nurses Performance and Patient Clinical Outcomes Undergoing Cardiothoracic Surgery
Background: Non-pharmacological measures are an important part of pain management that is used by critical care nurses to increase the tolerance of experienced pain, decrease physical stress. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of non-pharmacological pain management program on nurses’ performance and patient clinical outcomes undergoing cardiothoracic surgery Research design: A quasiexperimental research design was conducted.
Cardiothoracic surgery, Nursing performance, Non pharmacological pain management, and Patients’ outcomes.
Radwa Mohamed Mohamed , Nadia Mohamed Taha, Howida Kameel Zayton , Suzan Mohamed El-Sayed
SIRT1 as a Molecular Link Between Lifestyle Intervention and Ovarian–Metabolic Dysfunction in Experimental PCOS
Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine–metabolic disorder characterized by reproductive dysfunction, insulin resistance, chronic low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress, and altered energy homeostasis. Emerging evidence suggests that silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
SIRT1, Molecular , Lifestyle Intervention, Ovarian–Metabolic Dysfunction, Experimental PCOS
Eman AbdelRaouf Mohamed , Azza Abd- Al Rahman Youssef Megahed , Sanyia Shafik Galal Mostafa, Wesam M.R. Ashour
Relative Hyperglycemia and Coronary Thrombosis in Diabetic STEMI: Current Evidence on the Prognostic Utility of Stress Hyperglycemia Ratio
Background: Diabetic patients presenting with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) represent a particularly high-risk population characterized by more extensive coronary artery disease, enhanced platelet reactivity, impaired fibrinolysis, and an increased propensity for intracoronary thrombus formation. Large thrombus burden during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is associated with distal embolization, no-reflow phenomenon, microvascular obstruction
Hyperglycemia ,Coronary Thrombosis, Diabetic, STEMI, Stress Hyperglycemia Ratio
Alaa El Sayed Salama, Mahmoud Hassan Abdelqader Shah, Ibrahim Mohamed Fathy Mohamed, Nada Hassan Metwally
Targeting the Brain Renin–Angiotensin System in Epilepsy: Possible Anticonvulsant Effects of Valsartan in Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Convulsions
Background: Epilepsy is one of the most prevalent chronic neurological disorders and is characterized by recurrent unprovoked seizures resulting from abnormal excessive neuronal discharge within the brain. Despite the availability of multiple antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), a considerable proportion of patients continue to experience uncontrolled seizures,
Renin–Angiotensin System, Epilepsy, Valsartan in Pentylenetetrazole-Induced Convulsions
Nada Mohamed Mahdy Mahdy Hassan, Zaki Youssef Abd Elkader , Nevertyty Mohamed Mahmoud, Reham I. Elgarhi
Bile Reflux Gastritis in Patients with Chronic Heartburn: Prevalence, Pathophysiology, and Clinical Relevance
Chronic heartburn is a prevalent gastrointestinal complaint traditionally attributed to acid-mediated gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). However, increasing evidence suggests that non-acid components, particularly duodenogastric bile reflux, play a significant yet under recognized role in the pathogenesis of persistent upper gastrointestinal symptoms
Bile Reflux Gastritis, Chronic Heartburn
Amira Sameh Abdelkader, Sameh M. Abdel Monem , Ibrahim M. Ibrahim , Ola A. Harb , Mai Saad Ghanem
TSH Receptor Gene Polymorphisms in Graves' Disease and Graves' Ophthalmopathy: Current Evidence, Molecular Mechanisms, and Clinical Implications
Background: Graves' disease (GD) is the most common cause of autoimmune hyperthyroidism and results from a complex interplay between genetic susceptibility, immune dysregulation, and environmental triggers. Among the numerous genetic loci implicated in disease pathogenesis, the thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (
TSH Receptor Gene, Polymorphisms, Graves' Disease, Graves' Ophthalmopathy
Farid Fawzy Abd El-Hafiz , Khalid Ahmed Ahmed Elbanna , Nermin Saad Ghanem, Norhan Abdallah Said Sabbah , Abdelhamid Moustafa Abdelhamid Elmougi
Developing Strategies to Enhance Throughput among Technical Nurse Students
Background: Nursing education plays a vital role in promoting public health and advancing healthcare systems worldwide, making the development of strategies to enhance throughput crucial for ensuring timely graduation and meeting healthcare demands. Aim of the study: This study aimed to develop strategies to enhance throughput among technical nurse students at Al- Sharkia governorate
Strategies, throughput, academic failure, Student nurse and nursing educator
Fawzya Abd-Elrahman Farid, Magda Atiya Gaber , Wafaa Mostafa Mohamed
Interplay Between Vitamin D Status and Iron Deficiency Anemia in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes: A Narrative Review
Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (TIDM) is one of the most common chronic endocrine disorders affecting children and adolescents worldwide and is frequently associated with multiple metabolic and nutritional disturbances. Among these, vitamin D deficiency and iron deficiency anemia (IRON DEFECIENCY ANEMIA) have emerged as important comorbidities
Vitamin D Status, Iron Deficiency Anemia, Pediatric , Type 1 Diabetes
Tarek Abdelrahman Mohamed Attia , Naglaa Ali Khalifa , Omar Magdy Badawy Badawy , Mohamed Ragab Abdellatif
Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (TIDM) is one of the most common chronic endocrine disorders affecting children and adolescents worldwide and is frequently associated with multiple metabolic and nutritional disturbances. Among these, vitamin D deficiency andiron deficiency anemia (IRON DEFECIENCY ANEMIA) have emerged as important comorbidities that may adversely
Diagnostic Performance of the Kaiser Score for Characterization of Breast Lesions on Unenhanced Breast MRI: A Comprehensive Review
Background: Breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is recognized as the most sensitive imaging modality for the detection and characterization of breast cancer. Conventional breast MRI relies heavily on dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI), which provides both morphological and kinetic information for lesion assessment. However, concerns regarding gadolinium-based contrast
Kaiser Score , Breast Lesions ,Unenhanced Breast MRI:
Ahmed Mohamed Waffdy Algebally, Nesma Adel Zaid, Basma Kamal Soliman, Noura Omar Abdelfatah
Role of Lung Ultrasound in the Evaluation of Systemic Sclerosis: Relationship with Functional Impairment and Patient-Reported Outcomes
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic autoimmune connective tissue disease characterized by widespread microvascular injury, immune dysregulation, and progressive fibrosis affecting the skin and internal organs. Among its visceral complications, systemic sclerosisassociated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) represents one of the leading causes o
Lung Ultrasound , Systemic Sclerosis: Functional Impairment
Ghada Abdel Azeem Mohamed, Yassir Abdelhay Abdelhameed, Ghada Aboelsaud Dawa, Dalia Anas Ibrahim
PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF PTERYGIUM AMONG OUTDOOR WORKERS ATTENDING AN OPHTHALMOLOGY OUTPATIENT DEPARTMENT: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Background and Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of walking with diet control and step aerobics with diet control on body mass index, waist circumference and blood pressure in obese women. METHODS: This is an Experimental study in which 30 subjects were randomly assigned to Group A and B. Group A performed Brisk Walking with diet control. Group B performed step aerobic exercise with diet control. CONCLUSION: The study concludes that step aerobics with diet control is the better intervention reduce BMI, waist circumference and blood pressure in obese women as compared to walking with diet control
EFFECT OF HIGH FREQUENCY (HF) AND LOW FREQUENCY (LF) NEUROMUSCULAR ELECTRICAL STIMULATION (NMES) OF LOWER LIMB MUSCLES ON SYMPTOM PERCEPTION AND FUNCTIONAL WALKING CAPACITY IN SEVERE COPD
Background and Purpose: Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES) is a new and emerging modality in the rehabilitation of severely disabled patients with COPD. The objective of the study was to compare the effects of HF (50Hz) and LF NMES (15 Hz) on symptom perception and functional walking capacity in severe COPD patients. Methods: 30 patients, who fulfilled selection criteria were included in this study & were randomly divided into group a & b. group a (n=15) was given conventional physiotherapy & high frequency neuromuscular electrical stimulation & group b (n=15) was given conventional physiotherapy & low frequency neuromuscular electrical stimulation, for a period of 6 weeks. mrc dyspnea scale and vo2 max were taken before and after the treatment in both the groups. results: There was a significant reduction in MRC Dyspnea score and improvement in VO2 MAX in both the groups and a significant difference was found between group A and B (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: The result of the present study suggests that Low Frequency NMES is more effective than High Frequency NMES in reducing symptom perception and improving functional walking capacity, and thereby Low Frequency NMES can be recommended in treating severe COPD patients
Occupational Varicose Veins among School Teachers: Epidemiology, Occupational Risk Factors, Pathophysiological Mechanisms, Clinical Burden, and Preventive Strategies
Background: Varicose veins are among the most common manifestations of chronic venous disease and represent a significant occupational health concern worldwide. Although the condition is influenced by genetic, demographic, and lifestyle factors, occupational exposures play a crucial role in its development and progression. School teachers constitute a unique occupational group that is frequently exposedto prolonged standing, static postures, limited opportunities for movement
Varicose Veins, School Teachers, Occupational Risk Factors
Enjy Ahmed Esmat Khorshid , Ahmed Refat Abd El Ghafaar Ahmed Refat , Marina Farid Abdou Gerges, Dina Sameh Mohammed El Rafey