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Ultrasonographic Criteria for the Noninvasive Diagnosis of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: An Evidence-Based Review
Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a highly prevalent gastrointestinal disorder encountered frequently in internal medicine practice, with a significant impact on patient quality of life and healthcare utilization. Conventional diagnostic modalities, including upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring, and impedance studies, while effective, are invasive, costly,and not always readily available.
Ultrasonographic Criteria, Noninvasive Diagnosis, Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease
Amr Shaaban Hanafy, Mohamed Ibrahim Amin, Emad Fetoh Zaki Attia, Mahmoud Mohamed Amer
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
THE EFFICACY OF ULTRASONIC ASSISTED THERAPY FOR ELDERLY PATIENTS WITH HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE: MECHANISMS AND EFFECTS
Ultrasonic-assisted therapy (UAT) is one such promising non-invasive treatment option, which has been proposed to treat different ailments, such as chronic ones, like high blood pressure (hypertension). The aim of the review is to investigate the mechanisms and the therapeutic effects of UAT on elderly patients with hypertension. Since the aging process is usually linked to the reduction of vascularity and dysfunctional blood circulation, the UAT can have certain beneficial effects, improving blood flow and lowering arterial rigidity, and promoting angiogenesis. It is also known that the use of low-frequency ultrasonic waves enhances the blood vessel elasticity and contributes to the relaxation of smooth muscle cells which play a very significant role in maintaining blood pressure. Furthermore, UAT is said to act by the processes of activating endothelial cells, elevating nitric oxide, and promoting the process of tissue repair. Although clinical research on the effect of UAT on hypertension among older adults remains insufficient, the limited results of studies indicate that this could be used as an alternative to treating hypertension, especially in people who cannot or do not want to use conventional drugs. In this review, the author demonstrates the existing evidence, pathophysiology, and possible therapeutic use of UAT in elderly hypertensive patients.
Copyright (c) 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
Advances in Postoperative Analgesia for Cesarean Section: A Critical Review of PCA, TAP Block, and NSAIDs
Cesarean delivery is one of the most commonly performed obstetric surgeries worldwide, and optimal postoperative analgesia is essential for early maternal recovery, breastfeeding success, mother–infant bonding,and reduced perioperative morbidity. Traditional opioid-based strategies, including patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), remain effective but are associated with well-recognized adverse effects such as nausea, pruritus, sedation, and delayed mobilization. To reduce opioid exposure and enhance recovery, multimodal analgesia has become a central component of enhanced recovery after cesarean
Postoperative Analgesia, Cesarean Section, PCA, TAP Block, and NSAIDs
Shahenda Saleh , Ashraf Elsayed Ahmed, Asmaa Ahmed Mostafa Mohamed Al Hiany, Amr Abd Almohsen Alnemr
Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
Ultra-Hypofractionated Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Early Invasive Breast Cancer
Background: Adjuvant radiotherapy following breast-conserving surgery is a cornerstone in the management of early invasive breast cancer, significantly reducing local recurrence and improving long-term outcomes. Over the past two decades, fractionation schedules have evolved from conventional regimens to moderate hypofractionation, driven by radiobiological insights and robust clinical trial evidence. More recently, ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy—typically delivered in five fractions over one week—has emerged as a novel paradigm, offering further treatment acceleration while maintaining oncologic efficacy
Ultra-Hypofractionated, Adjuvant Radiotherapy ,Breast Cancer
Nahla Mokhtar Abdelmawla Morsi, Rehab Hemeda Elsaid Mohamed, Nabila Hefzy Abdelhakeem Ahmed, Alaa Abdelhamed Bahgat Fayed
Peripheral Blood Elements as Prognostic Biomarkers for Mortality in Hemodialysis Populations
Background: Patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (HD) experience persistently high morbidity and mortality rates despite advances in renal replacement therapy. Cardiovascular disease, infection, chronic inflammation, malnutrition, and immune dysregulation are major contributors to adverse outcomes in this population. There is increasing interest in identifying simple, cost-effective, and routinely available biomarkers
Peripheral Blood Elements, Prognostic Biomarkers, Hemodialysis
Zienab Fathy Ahmed Yousef, Essam Elden Mahmoud Lotfy Omar , Khaled Mohamed Talaat Mohamed , George Emad Shaker
STEVIA REBAUDIANA AS A NATURAL ANTIDIABETIC AGENT: CURRENT EVIDENCE AND MECHANISTIC PERSPECTIVES
The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive evaluation of stevia in relation to diabetes, focusing on its mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential. Sugar, particularly sucrose, has long been a staple in human diets due to its sweetness and energy-providing properties. However, excessive consumption of sugar is strongly linked to obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic syndrome. High intake of refined sugars can lead to hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and chronic inflammation, creating a cascade of health complications. In recent years, attention has shifted toward natural sweeteners derived from plants, including stevia, monk fruit, and sugar alcohols (e.g., xylitol, erythritol). Among these, stevia (Stevia rebaudiana) stands out due to its rich content of bioactive compounds (phytochemicals) such as steviol, steviosides, and rebaudiosides, which exhibit strong anti-hyperglycemic activity. These compounds make stevia a safe and effective substitute for sucrose in diabetic patients.The active compounds in stevia not only lower blood sugar levels but also support pancreatic tissue health by enhancing insulin secretion and promoting anti-diabetic effects. Additionally, stevia contributes to maintaining normal glucose levels by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, making it a highly effective natural sweetener for the growing demand in the herbal and natural food market.
Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
HERBAL COMBINATIONAL MEDICATION OF ASLUSSOOS (GLYCYRRHIZA GLABRA) CONTAINING GLYCYRRHIZIC ACID INHIBITS CHRONIC BRONCHITIS (MUZMIN ILTEHAB SHO’B)- A POTENTIAL PHARMACOLOGICAL APPLICATION WITH MECHANISTIC INSIGHT-A RESEARCH ARTICLE
Chronic bronchitis, a major component of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, is characterized by persistent cough, excessive mucus secretion, and airflow limitation. Conventional therapies provide symptomatic relief but are often associated with adverse effects and limited long-term benefits. Unani medicine describes this condition as a disorder of Sue Mizaj Ratab of the lungs with excessive ratoobat (secretions). The present open randomized clinical study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and safety of Aslussoos, a well-known Unani drug possessing expectorant, anti-inflammatory, and demulcent properties, in patients of chronic bronchitis. Thirty clinically diagnosed patients aged 40–60 years were enrolled and treated with Sufoof-e-Aslussoos (3 g twice daily) for 30 days. Clinical assessment and laboratory investigations, including haematological parameters and pulmonary function tests, were conducted before and after treatment. Statistical analysis using paired t-test revealed highly significant improvement (p<0.0001) in haematological indices, reduction in inflammatory markers, and marked enhancement in pulmonary function parameters such as FEV₁, FEV₁/FVC ratio, and peak expiratory flow rate. The study concludes that Aslussoos is an effective, safe, and economical therapeutic option for the management of chronic bronchitis, supporting its traditional use with modern scientific evidence.
HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN PEDIATRIC GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDERS: EVIDENCE FROM AN INDIAN TERTIARY CARE SETTING
Background: Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) and organic gastrointestinal (GI) diseases are common among children and significantly impact their quality of life. However, comparative data on the extent of this impact in Indian pediatric populations remain limited. Objective: To assess and compare health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in pediatric patients with FGIDs and organic GI diseases against healthy controls using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL™) 4.0 Generic Core Scales. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Department of Pediatrics, Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences (SLIMS), Puducherry. A total of 300 children aged 2–18 years were enrolled: 100 with FGIDs, 100 with organic GI diseases, and 100 healthy controls matched by age and sex. HRQOL was assessed using the child self-report and parent proxy- report versions of the PedsQL 4.0. Statistical analysis included Welch’s ANOVA and Games-Howell post hoc tests to compare group differences. Results: Children with FGIDs had the lowest HRQOL scores across all domains—Total Score (66.75±10.90), Physical Health (71.49±12.36), Psychosocial Health (66.31±13.87), and School Functioning (60.42±14.53). Organic GI patients scored moderately lower than healthy controls but significantly higher than FGID patients (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). School functioning was the most impacted domain in both patient groups. Conclusion: Pediatric patients with GI disorders, especially FGIDs, experience substantial HRQOL impairments. Routine assessment of HRQOL and integrated multidisciplinary care approaches are essential for improving clinical outcomes in this population.
Copyright (c) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA AND PRIMARY ANGLE-CLOSURE GLAUCOMA: A BIOMETRIC ANALYSIS
A type of inherited retinal disease, retinitis pigmentosa (RP), causes patients to lose night vision as they reach adolescence, lose peripheral vision in young adulthood, and finally lose central vision as they age. To determine whether a relationship exists between primary angle-closure glaucoma (PACG) and RP, a retrospective case-control study was conducted in PACG patients with and without concomitant RP. The anterior chamber depth (ACD) was measured using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM). The axial length (AL) and lens thickness (LT) of the lenses were measured with A-scan biometry. Analyses were conducted using propensity score matching and mixed linear regression models. During this study, 540 patients with CPACG and 268 patients with APACG were recruited. Twenty-four patients had chronic primary angle-closure glaucoma (CPACG) associated with RP, and twenty-two had acute primary angle-closure glaucoma (APACG) associated with RP. The ACDs, ALs, and relative lens positions (RLP) of patients with PACG associated with RP did not differ significantly from those of patients with PACG alone (P > 0.05); however, the LT of patients with APACG associated with RP was significantly higher than that of patients with APACG alone (P < 0.05). RP patients with PACG and CPACG had the same biometric parameter characteristics as RP patients without PACG. It is possible that RP and angle-closure glaucoma are related by coincidence.
MODERATING EFFECTS OF GENDER ON INTEREST AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT THROUGH DIAGNOSTIC ASSESSMENT: EVIDENCE FROM PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN ONITSHA ZONE, ANAMBRA STATE
Student interest and academic achievement are vital indicators of learning effectiveness in Economics education. In Nigeria, persistent low achievement and declining interest in Economics among secondary school students continue to raise concerns for educators and policymakers. This study investigated the effect of diagnostic assessment on students’ interest and academic achievement in Economics among public secondary schools in the Onitsha Education Zone of Anambra State. The study adopted a quasi-experimental design, specifically the pretest–posttest equivalent group design. The population consisted of 3,938 Senior Secondary Two (SS2) students offering Economics, from which a sample of 150 students was selected using multistage sampling to ensure gender balance. Three validated instruments; the Economics Diagnostic Pre-Test (EDPT), Economics Achievement Test (EAT), and Economics Interest Scale (EIS) were used for data collection, with strong reliability coefficients. Data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) at a 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that diagnostic assessment had a significant positive effect on students’ interest and academic achievement in Economics. However, gender and the interaction between diagnostic assessment and gender had no significant effects on students’ interest or achievement. These results suggest that diagnostic assessment enhances learning outcomes in a gender-inclusive manner by providing feedback-driven, personalized learning experiences. The study concludes that incorporating diagnostic assessment strategies in Economics instruction promotes student engagement and academic success. It recommends that Economics teachers, curriculum planners, and policymakers integrate diagnostic assessment practices into classroom instruction to improve learning quality and equity in Nigerian secondary schools.
ASSESSING STUDENTS’ USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES IN NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES: IMPLICATIONS FOR EDUCATORS AND POLICY-MAKERS
The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in education is an interesting concept which is meant to revolutionize and improved capabilities of students and educators to carry out their responsibilities more effectively and efficiently. This study assesses the level of awareness, perceptions and use of AI for academic purposes among the students of the Faculty of Education, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. Four research questions and three hypotheses guided the study. Structured questionnaire was developed and administered to a total of 336 students randomly selected from the faculty while adopting cross-sectional survey design. The data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviation for the research questions while ANOVA and t-test were employed as statistical test of significance for the hypotheses. The awareness of AI tools for education purposes is low among the students and generative AI like ChatGPT is the most used for academic purposes. The perception is positive but with reservations about the impact on the originality of academic outputs, transparency and ethical issues. At 0.05 level of significance, students’ perception and use of AI tools is not influenced by year of study while there is significant difference (p < 0.05) in AI awareness level due gender. The males have higher level of awareness than the females. Control and censorship structures is needed from educators and policy-makers for effective management of the use of AI for academic purposes.
ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGICAL SUPPORT ON TEACHERS’ JOB PERFORMANCE IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN IMO STATE
This study assessed the impact of technological support and teachers’ job performance in secondary schools in Imo State. The study adopted a correlational survey design to analyse the relationship between technology use and teachers’ job performance. Four research questions and four hypothesis guided the study. The study population was five thousand, five hundred and twenty-four (5,524) secondary school teachers in Imo State. Purposive sampling was used to draw a sample of two hundred (200) teachers. Data were collected using a 24-item research questionnaire titled “Technological Support and Teachers’ Job Performance Questionnaire” (TSTJPQ). The collected data were analyzed using SPSS of descriptive and inferential analyses. Linear regression were used to answer research questions and t-test associated with linear regression was used to test the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significance. The results revealed that there is a significant positive correlation between technological support and teachers’ job performance. Specifically, teachers who use technological support tend to perform better on the job. The findings also highlighted the importance of motivation in mediating the relationship between technological support and job performance of secondary school teachers within the state. The findings of this study for school administrators and educators could improve teacher-student interaction, facilitates effective lesson planning, promotes teacher professional development, increases teacher job satisfaction, and improves teacher instructional delivery. The study recommended ways of enhancing technological support for secondary school teachers so as to enhance their job performance.
MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF CRISPR- CAS SYSTEM IN CLINICAL STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATED FROM IRAQI PATIENTS.
The aim of study was detection the CRISPR-Cas system genes in Staphylococcus aureus in attempt as a new strategy for the control of resistance of S. aureus. Material and methods: The isolation of S. aureus requires, a total of 50 specimens (abscesses, cellulitis, and other forms of soft tissue infection) were collected from Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital in Al-Muthanna governorate, followed by Kirby-Bauer’s Disc, with some tweaks, will be used to determine antibiotic susceptibility. Antibiotics that were utilized were penicillin, azithromycin, Ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, gentamicin, doxycycline, vancomycin, ofloxacin, chloramphenicol, ampicillin, cefoxitin, and oxacillin. Finally Molecular uncovering of crispr-Cas system, The results: Our results revealed that 25 S.aureus isolate obtained from 50 specimen as following 6 (12%)from cellulitis, 7(14%) from abscesses and12 (24%) from soft tissue infections S.aureus isolates showed various response to antibiotics depending on antimicrobial resistance percentages the highest resistance noticed in penicillin(100%) and Ampicillin (100%) followed by Chloramphenicol (80%), Vancomycin(60%), Cefoxitin (60%), Ofloxacin (45%), however the isolates showed more sensitive to following antibiotics in addition All 25 isolates found was not harboured to CRISPER CAS-F1, Furthermore the results reported that all 25 isolates found were not harboured to Cas6 System-II. Conclusion: a high occurrence of multidrug-resistant S. aureus alongside the complete absence of CRISPR-Cas systems, emphasizing the importance of ongoing antimicrobial surveillance and the development of alternative molecular control approaches
Understanding the Determinants of Well-Being: Self-Management and Quality of Life in Children Undergoing Hemodialysis
Background: Children undergoing hemodialysis face significant challenges that impair their health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Self-management is considered crucial for improving outcomes, but its specific relationship with HRQoL in this population remains underexplored. Aim: This study aimed to assess the relationship between self-management practices and HRQoL in children undergoing maintenance hemodialysis. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional correlation study was conducted with 51 pediatric hemodialysis patients. Data were collected using a structured interview questionnaire, a validated pediatric self-management scale, and the Parent Proxy version of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 3.0 End-Stage Renal Disease module. Results: The majority of children (98.1%) reported poor or fair self-management levels. Child-reported total self-management demonstrated a strong positive correlation with parent-reported total HRQoL (r= 0.81, p<0.001). In multiple linear regression analysis, controlling family income and dialysis frequency, the child's total self-management score was the strongest and most significant predictor of HRQoL (β = 0.79, p<0.001), explaining 71.3% of the variance. Conclusion: Self-management practices, particularly in nutrition and stress management, are the principal determinant of HRQoL for children on hemodialysis. The findings strongly advocate for integrating structured, competency-based self-management support into routine nursing care to enhance the well-being of this vulnerable population.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sara Mohamed Ali Fayed, Amal Ahmed Khalil, Rehab Hanie EL-Kazaz, Hanaa Mohamed Ibrahim Nassar (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
Parthenolide as an Experimental Antifibrotic Agent: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Prospects in Renal Fibrosis
Background: Renal fibrosis represents the final common pathway of most chronic kidney diseases (CKD), leading to progressive nephron loss and decline in renal function. Current therapeutic options remain limited, largely supportive, and unable to halt or reverse established fibrotic remodeling. Parthenolide, a sesquiterpene lactone extracted from Tanacetum parthenium (feverfew), has garnered significant interest due to its potent anti-inflammatory and
Parthenolide, Antifibrotic Agent, Renal Fibrosis
Alaa Mahmoud Mohamed El-Sayed El-Ebyary, Ebtsam A Ahmed, Soad L. Kabil and Eman Ahmed Ibrahim
Mastoid Obliteration in Canal Wall Up Cholesteatoma Surgery: Indications, Techniques, and Outcomes
Background: Acquired middle ear cholesteatoma remains a surgically challenging disease because optimal management must balance durable disease control with preservation of anatomy and hearing. Canal wall up (CWU) mastoidectomy is widely used to maintain near-normal external auditory canal anatomy
Canal Wall Up Cholesteatoma, Mastoid Obliteration
Mohamed Kamal Mobashir , Magdy Mohamed Abd EL Fattah , Khaled Abd El Shakour Mohamed, Ahmed Emad ElDin El Maghawry ElSayed Askr
Integrative Analysis of ANGPTL3 and APOB Gene Polymorphisms in Lipid Metabolism and Coronary Artery Disease Susceptibility
Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, primarily driven by dyslipidemia and complex gene–environment interactions influencing lipid metabolism. The angiopoietin-like 3 (ANGPTL3) and apolipoprotein B (APOB) genes are central regulators of plasma lipid homeostasis and lipoprotein assembly, respectively. ANGPTL3 modulates lipoprotein lipase and endothelial lipase activity
ANGPTL3, APOB Gene , Coronary Artery Disease
Randa H Mohamed, Tarek Ahmed Naguib, Rawda Omar Ali, Basma A. Ibrahim
In the recent years with the rise of internet and modern technology with AI peeping into the tech field common people are well empowered with media which is widely distributed. Media is also regarded as the fourth pillar of democracy in India. However at times it is noticed that media tells half truth and even lies propagating the fake news therefore authenticity of news in present times cannot be guaranteed . Every media group also showcases its own ideological and political biases and at times some media houses are even owned by certain political groups. Women have to face lot of challenges in the today's world and media becomes an effective weapon to deal with this aspect. There are increased rates of crime and sexual exploitation and molestation of female at various spheres for which media can play an important role to create awareness and sensitivity among people in society.
Lasianthera africana leaves mitigate the toxicity of diabetes on the testicles in Wistar rats.
Objective: In Nigeria, testicular toxicity is a known side effect of diabetes mellitus, one of the disorders for which the leaves of Lasianthera africana are used in ethnomedicine. This study evaluated the leaf extract and its fractions’ ability to mitigate the toxicity of diabetes-induced testicular damage in rats.
Lasianthera africana; Diabetes; Testesticular; Toxicology; Rats
Eko Winifred O, Akuodor GC, Ofor CC, Anele DO4, Eze CE,, Nwankwo KA, Ramalan MA, Aja DOJ, Nwadum SK, Grace A. Essiet
INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIET QUALITY AND DENTAL OUTCOMES: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF NUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES, CARIOGENIC BEHAVIORS, AND PROTECTIVE DIETARY INTERVENTIONS
This systematic review examines the interrelationship between diet quality and dental health outcomes, focusing on nutrient deficiencies, cariogenic dietary behaviors, and protective nutritional interventions. Oral diseases such as dental caries, enamel erosion, and periodontal disease remain among the most prevalent non-communicable conditions worldwide, with diet recognized as a modifiable risk factor influencing both disease initiation and progression. Following the PRISMA guidelines, peer-reviewed studies published between 2016 and 2025 were systematically retrieved from major databases. Evidence was synthesized across three core domains: micronutrient deficiencies affecting tooth integrity and periodontal tissues; dietary patterns and behaviors contributing to cariogenic risk; and protective dietary interventions shown to enhance oral health resilience. Findings indicate that deficiencies in calcium, vitamin D, phosphorus, and antioxidants are strongly associated with enamel demineralization and periodontal inflammation, while frequent sugar intake and ultra-processed foods exacerbate cariogenic biofilm activity. Conversely, diets rich in dairy products, fibrous foods, and polyphenol-containing items demonstrate protective effects through enhanced remineralization and modulation of the oral microbiome. The review highlights the necessity of integrating nutritional assessment and counseling into preventive dental care and public health strategies. Strengthening interdisciplinary collaboration between dental professionals and nutrition experts may significantly improve population-level oral health outcomes.
PEDAGOGICAL PRACTICES OF THE EFL TEACHERS AT THE PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES IN BANGLADESH
Public and private universities in Bangladesh have significantly prioritized teaching and learning of the English language. However, studies reveal that a large number of graduates struggle in their careers due to a lack of proficiency in the English language. As a result, research will inevitably advance the teaching-learning status of English at this level of education. This study primarily examines the English teaching landscape at private universities in Bangladesh, particularly emphasizing the pedagogical practices employed by English language instructors. A Mixed Method Research approach was employed for data collection and analysis for the study. Besides, this study involved the random selection of 60 English teachers from 10 private universities in the Dhaka division of Bangladesh. The data for this study were gathered using a teacher questionnaire and a classroom observation checklist. The quantitative data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Qualitative analysis employed a constant comparative method. The researcher discovered that the majority of EFL teachers did not adhere to the teaching method outlined in the university curriculum; instead, they opted for an eclectic approach, without taking into account the lesson objectives and the students' abilities. Moreover, the teachers lacked sufficient preparation for implementing practical teaching methods due to the absence of monitoring and evaluation by university authorities or other institutions. Typically, teachers presented traditional lectures while students listened and attempted to comprehend the content, whether intentionally or unintentionally. When it comes to classroom activities, the majority of teachers seldom ever employed any communicative exercises to help their students get better at English. Insufficient and unsuitable speaking and listening exercises were planned by the teachers themselves.
EVALUATION OF PHYSICIAN ADHERENCE TO STANDARD PRECAUTIONS IN GYNECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS RESIDENCY: A PRACTICE, CHALLENGE AND TRAINING NEED STUDY
Background: Standard Precautions (SP) are the crucial measures of avoiding healthcare-associated infection and their implementation is important in safeguarding healthcare professionals and patients alike. Doctors, especially the ones working in gynecology and obstetrics, are more likely to be exposed to blood stains and bodily fluid of a patient because their work is invasive. Nevertheless, the compliance of the SP of resident physicians in these specialties has not been sufficiently investigated. Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate the compliance of the resident physicians in the gynecology and obstetrics department with SP protocols and to find out what factors impact on adherence. Methods: A quantitative descriptive study was done on 121 gynecology and obstetrics resident physicians in three years of residency (R1, R2, R3) in a teaching hospital. The data were gathered on the basis of a structured questionnaire and Standard Precautions Compliance Scale which had 13 items in the form of a Likert-type instrument. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics and Kruskal-Wallis test. Ethical permission was granted and informed consent was gathered to all the participants. Findings: The researchers discovered that there were very big differences in adherence to SP depending on practices. Compliance was high in regards to proper sharps disposal (96.6) and the use of gloves in case they got exposed to blood and secretions (79.3). Nevertheless, the rates of compliance were lower with such practices as treating patients as they were infected with HIV (8.3%), and wearing safety glasses (17.4%). There were also great variations in compliance between the years of residency as R1 residents were more likely to comply to hand hygiene and standard precautions than the R2 and R3 residents. Conclusions: This paper identifies moderate adherence to SP in gynecological and obstetric resident physicians. Most of the major practices were highly adhered to but there is a need to improve hand hygiene, use of PPE, and handling of needles. The findings highlight the importance of regular and mandatory training on SP, especially high-risk practices, to increase compliance and minimize the risk of occupational health. Increasing the rates of SP adherence will help in provision of safer healthcare environments between the healthcare workers and the patients.
Copyright (c) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
Effect of Foot Reflexology and Meditation Training on Blood Pressure in Premenopausal Women in EL Minya Governorate, Egypt
Background: Hypertension is a predominant cause of mortality and morbidity globally. The World Health Organization reports that 1.3 billion individuals suffer from hypertension. Hypertension can be controlled with therapies other than drugs, such as foot reflexology as well as meditation. Purpose: To assess the impact of foot reflexology as well as meditation training among hypertensive premenopausal women.
Hypertension, foot reflexology, meditation training, premenopause.
Faten Mohamed Mohamed Elnozhe, Amira E. M. Abd Elhay, Ghada R Dabash, Mai Mahmoud Abo Sabee Abo Sabee Sherif, Bassem M. Khalifa , Alyaa Abdallah Atallah Ahmed Zaid
Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Androgenetic Alopecia: A Comprehensive Clinical and Mechanistic Review
Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common chronic, progressive form of hair loss in men and women, driven by androgen-mediated follicular miniaturization and a complex interplay of genetic, hormonal, and microinflammatory processes. Traditional therapies such as minoxidil, finasteride
Platelet-Rich Fibrin, Androgenetic Alopecia, Clinical and Mechanistic Review
Diagnostic Value of Soluble CD40 Ligand in Predicting Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension among Children with Congenital Heart Defects
Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe complication of congenital heart defects (CHD) with left-to-right shunt, such as atrial septal defect (ASD), ventricular septal defect (VSD), and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Persistent shunting induces pulmonary vascular remodeling, endothelial dysfunction,
congenital heart defects, pulmonary arterial hypertension, soluble CD40 ligand, children
Amal Mohamed Abd El-latef, Ahmed Abd Elsamad Elhewala, Alshymaa A Ahmed, Hanem Ismail Ibrahim Elmashad
Serum Calcium and Outcomes After Acute Ischemic Stroke: Updated Review
Background: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains a leading cause of death and long-term disability worldwide. Despite advances in reperfusion therapies and stroke unit care, prognostication remains imperfect. Among emerging biomarkers, serum calcium has attracted attention given its pivotal role in neuronal excitotoxicity
Calcium, Acute Ischemic Stroke, Outcomes
Adel Saeed Abdelghaffar Hoda, Mohammed Hanafy Aly Ghonemy, Eman Elsaeed Tawfik Elmetwally, Hanan Mohamed Sabry Nasr
A Utilizing Plant Waste Materials As Pads In Evaporative Cooling System Powered By Solar Energy For Environmental Control In Greenhouses
Background: The study was conducted to achieve optimal pad performance, which can provide an ideal environment for plant growth and production. This study was conducted near Al-Salihiya city in Sharqia Governorate. The study evaluated the performance of three types of evaporative cooling pads (cellulose, rice straw, and palm fiber),
Fan and pad cooling, alternative cooling pads, greenhouse climate control, and shading
Mohamed I. H. Ghanem , M.A. El-Shazly , A.M. Kishta , A. M. Abdeen , A. Awny
Obesity, Family history and Consanguinity as predictors of Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Among Adults
Background: The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) continues to rise, with a substantial proportion of cases remaining undiagnosed, particularly among adults living with obesity. Early detection of silent hyperglycemia is essential to prevent microvascular and macrovascular complications and to reduce long-term healthcare burdens.
Obesity, Family history, Consanguinity, predictors, Type 2 Diabetes, Adults
Sabah Desouky Lotfy , Amany Sobhy Sorour, Huda Ibrahim Abd el-fattah
Mothers’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices regarding Antibiotics among Children
Background: Children under five years of age represent a highly vulnerable population with unique developmental, nutritional, and health needs. Their well-being is strongly influenced by biological, environmental, and sociocultural factors, as well as parental behaviors and caregiving practices. Ensuring good health
Antibiotics, Children , Mothers, Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices
Zeinab Fouad Ghanem Mohamed, Amany Sobhy Sorour , Reda Elsayed El-Badawy
Oral Health Outcomes Among Post Menopausal Women with Osteoporosis
Background: Menopause represents a critical biological transition that significantly impacts women’s systemic and oral health. Declining estrogen levels contribute to accelerated bone remodeling and increased bone resorption, placing women at heightened risk for osteoporosis. This systemic reduction in bone mineral density
Oral Health, Outcomes, Post Menopausal Women, Osteoporosis
Heba Ebrahim Hassan , Amany Sobhy Sorour, Gamalat Mostafa Abd Elghany