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Integrative Neurophysiological Mechanisms Linking Vitamin D, Exercise-Induced Plasticity, and Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition characterized by persistent impairments in social communication and the presence of restricted and repetitive behaviors, with a complex etiology involving genetic susceptibility, environmental influences, and disrupted neurophysiological processes. Despite extensive research, the underlying biologicalmechanisms of ASD remain incompletely understood
Vitamin D, Exercise-Induced Plasticity, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Autism Spectrum Disorder
Duha Khalil Ali Khalil Mahmoud, Dalia Ibrahim Abd-Alaleem, Khaled Abdelfattah Abulfadle, Dalia Atef Roshdy Hemead
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
Prevalence of Methicillin and Vancomycin Resistance Genes in Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Clinical Specimens in Al-Samawah City
Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA), is one of the most common nosocomial infections in humans and animals. The genes mecA and vanA in the S. aureus are the marker of MRSA and VRSA, respectively. The main objective of this study was to detect the prevalence of mecA and vanA genes which cause resistance against methicillin and vancomycin in the Al- Samawah, respectively. One hundred samples (8 burns, 68wounds, 11 skin sores and 13 urines) were collected from patients in Al-Hussein teaching hospital and medical clinics, Al-Muthanna. Then biochemical tests were performed for conventional identification. Modified Kirbry-Bauer disc diffusion method was applied. The DNA of all isolates was extracted, then PCR was thenperformed for amplification of mecA, VanA genes .The results confirmed the existence of S.aureus in 41 out of 100 isolates. The S. aureus isolates showed high incidences of resistance against methicillin and vancomycin about 70% and 80%, respectively. Isolates were also resistant to other antibiotics, such as CX (60%), however the isolates showed more sensitive to following antibiotics including G (40%), CIP (50%), AZM (30%) and T (30%). PCR results revealed that 41 (41.00%) isolates of S. aureus. In addition, 25 (60.97%) and 19 (46.3%) isolates of S. aureus were harbored mecA and VanA, respectively. In conclusions, S. aureus is a commensal gram- positive bacterium that has captured the attention of the medical community for more than a century. The emergence of MRSA and VRSA strains in the community has increased the risk of infections caused by these strains, as they usually express multidrug resistance. There is a need for continuous surveillance and monitoring of the presence of MRSA and VRSA strains in the community and a clear understanding of the dynamics of the spread of MRSA and VRSA strains will assist in controlling its dissemination
Copyright (c) 2025 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
EFFECT OF EXAMINATION STRESS ON CARDIOVASCULAR N HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS
Background: Examination stress is a common psychological stressor among students and has been shown to influence autonomic, cardiovascular, and hematological responses. Acute academic stress triggers sympathetic activation and hormonal shifts (cortisol, catecholamines), which may produce transient but measurable physiological alterations.
Examination stress, Heart rate, Blood pressure, Hematological parameters, NLR, Academic stress, Sympathetic activation.
Candida albicans and Candida Tropicalis Antigen Immunotherapy in Recalcitrant Warts: Mechanisms, Efficacy, and Safety
Background: Recalcitrant warts remain a therapeutic challenge in dermatology, venereology and andrology, particularly in patients with multiple, longstanding, or anogenital lesions that fail destructive modalities. Intralesional immunotherapy has emerged as a host-directed strategy that enhances cell-mediated immunity against human papillomavirus (HPV). Among available antigens, Candida albicansextracts are the most widely studied and are increasingly
Candida albicans, Candida Tropicalis, Immunotherapy, Recalcitrant Warts
Amin Mohamed Amin Amer , Ayman Mohamed Marei , Fatma Elzahraa Kamal Eldin Abdelfattah Elshamy , Hala Mohamed Morsi
Contrast-Enhanced CMR for Myocardial Viability in Coronary Artery Disease: Evidence, Prognosis, and Impact on Revascularization Decisions
Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) remains the leading cause of heart failure worldwide and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality, particularly when left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction is present. In patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy, myocardial dysfunction may result from a spectrum of injury ranging from reversible
Contrast-Enhanced CMR, Myocardial Viability , Coronary Artery Disease
Sara Emad Al Din Abdel Latif Emam , El Sayed Hamed Zidan , Kamel Hassan Ghazal , Mohammad Abd Alkhalik Basha , Ahmed Gamil Ibrahim Abd El Megid
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitors in Postmenopausal Hormone Receptor–Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer: Efficacy, Safety, and Clinical Integration
Background: Hormone receptor–positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2–negative (HR+/HER2−) metastatic breast cancer (MBC) represents the most prevalent subtype of advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Endocrine therapy has historically been the cornerstone of treatment; however, the development of primary and acquired endocrine resistance has limited long-termdisease control. Dysregulation of the cyclin D–cyclin-dependent kinase
Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4/6 Inhibitors, Metastatic Breast Cancer
Eman Elsebai, Mohamed Attia Mazrouh, Merhan Mahmoud Metwally, Shimaa A. Gharieb
The Antipyretic Effect of High-Dose Paracetamol Versus Mefenamic Acid in the Treatment of Febrile Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Fever is one of the most common symptoms leading to pediatric hospital visits, and effective antipyretic therapy is essential for symptom relief and prevention of febrile discomfort. Paracetamol and mefenamic acid are commonly prescribed antipyretics in India, yet comparative evidence on the efficacy of high-dose paracetamol versus mefenamic acid remains limited. This randomized controlled trial aimed to compare the antipyretic effectiveness and safety of high-dose
Fever; Paracetamol; Mefenamic acid; Antipyretic; Pediatric randomized trial; Febrile children
LIVED EXPERIENCES OF ADVANCED CANCER PATIENTS AND THEIR FAMILY CAREGIVERS: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY TO INFORM PALLIATIVE NURSING GUIDELINES
Advanced cancer is associated with profound physical suffering, psychological distress, social disruption, and existential concerns that significantly affect both patients and their family caregivers. While palliative care aims to address these multidimensional needs, limited qualitative evidence is available in the Indian context that captures the lived experiences of advanced cancer patients and their caregivers, particularly from a nursing perspective. Understanding these experiences is crucial for developing culturally appropriate and holistic palliative nursing guidelines.
Advanced cancer, lived experiences, family caregivers, phenomenological study, palliative nursing
Article on EMERGING DIMENSION OF HUMAN TRAFFICKING: A CRITIQUE OF THE EFFICACY OF LEGAL FRAME WORK
This Chapter tries to demystify certain concepts about trafficking which have often been misunderstood and distorted. The clarity of these concepts is essential for proper understanding of the trafficking situations and for taking appropriate response
ARADHANA TRIPATHI, Prof. (Dr.) SHASHANK SHEKHAR
Minoxidil in the Management of Androgenetic Alopecia: Mechanisms of Action, Clinical Efficacy, and Emerging Formulations
Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most prevalent form of non-scarring hair loss and a chronic, progressive disorder characterized by follicular miniaturization, shortened anagen duration, and patterned thinning in men and women. The condition carries a substantial psychosocial burden and often requires long-term therapy to preserve gains. Pathophysiologically, AGA reflects an interplay between genetic susceptibility and androgen signaling, particularly the effects of dihydrotestosterone on androgen-sensitive scalp follicles, with downstream dysregulation of dermal papilla function,
Minoxidil, Management, Androgenetic Alopecia
Khalid Mohamed, Heba Mohammed, Esraa Ezzat Abo El Ella Elsayed
COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN NUMBER OF ISOLATED BACTERIAL FROM RAW WATER AND WATER PRODUCED IN FACTORIES
The study was investigated the bacteriological contamination in Tigris River raw water and Tap water in Bagdad city from different area as Rashidiya, Kadhimiya, Shawaka and Salhia regions while the Tap water from Al-Hurriya region, the results showed The results were revealed the fecal coliform and members of the The Enterobacteriaceae was most prominent bacteria in the studied area and and gram positive bacteria as well While the results reported the isolated bacteria was less in Tap water also the current study isolated pathogenic bacteria as Aeromona hydrophila, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , salomenall spp, and some isolated that cause UTI as P.vulgaris and P. mirabilis. However, the results showed the bacteria count was higher in the areas compared in Tap water but the area 2 was recorded the highest count 952+0.432 With significant differences between other area at p ≤ 0.05 while in Tap water was 271+0.46. The study were revealed the fecal coliform and members of the The Enterobacteriaceae was most prominent bacteria in the studied area and and gram-positive bacteria which attributed to the factories and hospitals in the studied area are thrown into the Tigris River.
Glucocorticoid Sensitivity, Receptor Regulation, and the Development of New-Onset Diabetes After Transplant (NODAT): A Comprehensive Review
Background: Glucocorticoids remain a cornerstone of immunosuppressive therapy after kidney transplantation, yet their metabolic adverse effects significantly contribute to post-transplant morbidity. Among these, new-onset diabetes after transplant (NODAT) has emerged as a major determinant of long-term graft and patient outcomes. NODAT increases cardiovascular risk, accelerates graft loss, heightens susceptibility to infection, and raises overall mortality.
Glucocorticoid, New-Onset Diabetes After Transplant
Fatima Al-Taher Taha,Omar Mohamed Elsayed Abdelkader,Ezzat Mustafa Mohamed Abdelrahman ,Hala Mohamed Allam , Malak Emad Samy ,Ahmed Ezzat Mustafa Mohamed Abdelrahman ,Fatma Mohamed Attia Elsayed , Hanzada Mohamed Helmi Elmaghrabi , Abeer Abdullah Fikry
SGLT2 Inhibition as a Gastro-Restorative Strategy: The Potential of Dapagliflozin in Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcers
Background: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) remain a cornerstone in the management of pain and inflammation, yet their use is frequently complicated by gastrointestinal mucosal injury and ulceration. Indomethacin, a potent non-selective NSAID, is well known to cause gastric mucosal damage through inhibition of prostaglandin
SGLT2, Dapagliflozin , Indomethacin-Induced Gastric Ulcers
Sohair Hanem Samir El-Menshawy, Shireen Sami Mahmoud, Nisreen ELnagy ELwany Mohamed, Mariam Azmy Shalaby Morkos
Advances and Outcomes of 3D-Printed Models in the Surgical Management of Congenital Scoliosis: A Comprehensive Review
Background: Congenital scoliosis is a complex spinal deformity resulting from anomalous vertebral development during embryogenesis. Traditional surgical management poses significant challenges due to the intricate and highly variable anatomy encountered in these patients. In recent years, the emergence of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has revolutionized the preoperative
Congenital Scoliosis, 3D-Printed Models, Surgical Management
Ahmed Elsayd Elmalt , Mohamed Abdel Aziz Aly Ghieth, Ali Mamdouh Ali Ahmed Gallo, Yehia Elbromboly
Functional and Quality-of-Life Outcomes of Pelvic Floor Physiotherapy Following Urological, Hip, and Perineal Surgeries
Background: Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) has been identified as being under-appreciated in terms of being a potential post-surgical complication for various different operations. In this case, this analysis aimed at understanding post-surgical PFD in connection with urethroplasty, hemorrhoidectomy, and hip. Methods: The study enrolled 180 patients (60 patients per procedure) and followed them prospectively for a period of 12 months. The outcome assessment for the female pelvis was carried out by means of the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-20 (PFDI-20), surface electromyography, neurophysiology, and quantitative sensory testing. State-of-the-art modeling techniques such as machine learning and latent class analysis were used. Results: Baseline symptom burden had no significant differences between demographics (p=0.28). Both interventions resulted in an early postoperative boost in PFDI-20 scores that peaked between 6 and 8 weeks with partial recovery. Early pain intensity and hypertonus of the pelvic floor muscles predicted persistent dysfunction with good sensitivity and specificity of 0.88. Latent class analysis revealed four trans-procedural classes that distinguished between different intervention types: Neuropathic Phenotype, Pain Dominant Phenotype, Mechanical Phenotype, and Mixed Phenotype. Conclusion: Post-operative pelvic floor dysfunction is driven by shared mechanistic pathways rather than procedure alone. Phenotype-based assessment may enable targeted, interdisciplinary strategies to improve long-term functional outcomes.
Copyright (c) 2019 Dr. Sher Dil Khan, Dr Hafiz Muhammad Atif , Dr Usman Haider (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
NORTRIPTYLINE VERSUS SUSTAINED-RELEASE MORPHINE VERSUS COMBINATION THERAPY IN CHRONIC LUMBAR RADICULOPATHY A RANDOMIZED CROSSOVER TRIAL
diabetic neuropathy and postherpetic neuralgia, and little evidence is given on lumbar radiculopathy. Purpose: To evaluate the analgesic efficacy of nortriptyline, sustained-release morphine, a combination of the two, and placebo on patients with chronic lumbar radicular pain. Methods: A randomized, four-period, double-blind, crossover trial was done on 121 patients with chronic lumbar radiculopathy where sustained-release morphine, nortriptyline, combination therapy, and placebo were used. An outcome measure of average leg pain was the primary, and secondary measures were global pain, disability, mood, and quality of life. Findings: Nortriptyline showed a significant reduction in average and worst pain score by a ratio of about 2533 percent over placebo without zero confidence intervals. Morphine had small, not significant pain reliefs. Combination therapy produced comparable analgesic effects to nortriptyline monotherapy, and an extra effect in mood and quality of life. Conclusion: Nortriptyline and morphine alone or combined with morphine were better than morphine monotherapy and placebo in reduction of pain and functional results of chronic lumbar radiculopathy.
Copyright (c) 2019 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
Multidisciplinary Enhanced Recovery with Physiotherapy Integration: Impact on Functional Recovery and Length of Stay in Urological (TURBT), Colorectal (Perianal Fistula), and Orthopedic (Partial Hip Arthroplasty) Surgeries
Importance: The role of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocols has developed significantly in the realm of surgical specialties in garnering improved perioperative outcomes; however, recovery has been mostly assessed on the basis of hospital stays and less on functional independence. The role of integrating structured physiotherapy within existing ERAS protocols regarding functional recovery of various surgical procedures has mostly remained inadequately addressed. Objective: To assess the relationship between the incorporation of physiotherapy in ERAS protocols and the recovery of functions as well as the length of stay in the hospital post-transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT), perianal fistula repair, and hip arthroplasty. Design, Setting, and Participants: In this multicenter, prospective cohort study, patients were enrolled between January 2020 and December 2023 in 3 tertiary care centers in Pakistan. Patients aged ≥ 18 years posted for surgery for Trans-Urethral Resection of Bladder Tumor (TURBT), perianal fistula, and/or partial hip arthroplasty were included, 1,847 patients screened, 556 (30%) patients were enrolled. Exposures: Perioperative physiotherapy pathways integrated with ERAS care versus standard ERAS care without integrated physiotherapy pathways. Main Outcomes and Measures: Time to meet preselected functional milestones and length of hospital stay. Secondary endpoints: Quality of life measured with EQ 5D 5L, complications, opioid intake, and re-admissions. Outcome: The physiotherapy-integrated ERAS program reduced the time to reach functional endpoints by 48% for TURBT (HR, 1.92; CI, 95% range, 1.45-2.55), by 37% for perianal fistula surgery (HR, 1.78; CI, 95% range, 1.32-2.39), and by 39% for partial hip arthroplasty (HR, 2.13; CI, 95% range, 1.61-2.82) (all p <0.001). Mean hospital stay was reduced by 1.0 to 2.3 days depending on the operation (all p <0.001). The scores for quality-of-life outcome at 30 days were higher in the intervention arm (mean difference, 0.09; CI, 95% range, 0.06-0.12). No differences were found for the complication rate, although there were fewer cases of urinary retention after TURBT (6.5% vs 14.1%; P=0.04). Conclusions and Relevance: Physiotherapy integrated ERAS care was linked with quick functional recovery and shorter stays in hospital in urology, colorectal, and orthopedic surgery without more complications, and these data support changing what constitutes success for enhanced recovery and encourage routine physiotherapy integration into enhanced recovery care.
Copyright (c) 2023 Dr Usman Haider, Dr Hafiz Muhammad Atif , Dr. Sher Dil Khan (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
EFFICACY OF ONDANSETRON AND DEXAMETHASONE COMBINATION FOR PREVENTING POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING IN MAJOR GYNAECOLOGICAL SURGERY: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
We examined 100 ASA I and II female operated on through general anaesthesia due to major gynaecological procedure, in prospective and blind and placebo-controlled randomised study. The four treatments provided to each of the subjects involved prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV); i.e. ondansetron 4 mg (n = 25), dexamethasone 8 mg (n = 25), a combination of ondansetron and dexamethasone (4 mg and 8 mg, respectively, n = 25) or placebo (saline, n = 25). The groups did not show significant variations in the characteristics at the baseline and in the variables related to a surgery and anaesthesia, morphine use, and pain levels or side effects. Nausea and vomiting rate of the ondansetron and dexamethasone treated group was lower than placebo (P = 0.01), ondansetron (P = 0.05) and dexamethasone (P = 0.057) group. Comparison of Ondansetron with dexamethasone did not give any significant difference though the medications were effective as compared to placebo (P = 0.05 and P = 0.01 respectively). Dexamethasone was established to prohibit the incidence of nausea to a greater extent than that of vomiting. Antiemetic rescue was required by fewer patients in the ondansetron and dexamethasone combination arm than in placebo (P = 0.01), and ondansetron (P = 0.05). Our conclusion is based on prophylactic consumption of combined ondansetron with dexamethasone in order to stop PONV. (Br. J. The youth believed in the case study that where it involves an elderly child, there are high chances of this child recording it wrong by the elderly child (Anaesth. 1996; 76: 835-840).
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV)
Copyright (c) 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
BUTENAFINE HYDROCHLORIDE AND MELALEUCA ALTERNIFOLIA OIL COMBINATION IN TREATMENT OF TOENAIL ONYCHOMYCOSIS: A RANDOMIZED DOUBLE-BLIND PLACEBO-CONTROLLED STUDY.
A fungus infection of the toenails (onychomycosis) is a common pathological condition and it is extremely difficult to both diagnose and cure. This was a study that examined the safety and clinical effectiveness of 2 percent butenafine hydrochloride combined with 5 percent Melaleuca alternifolia oil in topical cream treatment of toenail onychomycosis. One hundred and twenty-five patients, aged 18-80 and with at least 25 % involvement of one of their toenails with fungus were recruited in a randomized, placebo-controlled study. Right in the active cream group (n=60), think 80 percent of cure rate and when crossing the sexes, 83.3 percent male and 75 percent female achieved clinical success. None of the patients on placebo became cured. Only a few side effects were noticed including swelling in 6.7 % of patients and hardly any side effect was reported at all. There were no relapses in one-year follow up. The active treatment group showed to penetrate and stay more in the body using the antifungal agents than other systemic treatments that tend to have serious side effects, the treatments need to be on long term regimens and are generally prone to failing in time. This multimodal therapy had a more safer and effective and accelerated option instead of the systemic antifungal therapies, thus substantiating the possibility of topical therapy in treating onychomycosis without the supplement of systemic medications.
Copyright (c) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
Impact of Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) on Caregiver Mental Health
Background: Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are very common and are identified to be the major causes of distress among caregivers. Although much research has been made on cognitive impairment in dementia, less attention has been given to the effect of neuropsychiatric symptoms on the mental health of caregivers, such as depression, anxiety, and perceived burden. This paper attempted to determine the correlation between the severity of BPSD and caregiver psychological outcome and the identification of the critical sociodemographic and caregiving-associated factors that predict caregiver distress. Methods: A cross sectional study was done among 120 primary caregivers of patients with clinically diagnosed dementia who were identified in neurology and geriatric outpatient clinics. Behavioral and psychological symptoms were evaluated through the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), whereas the caregiver outcomes were evaluated through the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scale of depression, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scale of anxiety, and the Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) scale of caregiver burden. Sociodemographic and care giving variables, such as age, gender, relationship with the patient, duration, and number of hours of care giving per day, were collected. Correlation, multivariate regression and interaction analyses were used as the statistical analyses. Visualizations of associations were done using advanced graphical analyses, such as regression overlays and interaction plots. Results: The average total NPI score was 34.6246.15, which represented a moderate level of BPSD burden. The BPSD domains that were the most prevalent were agitation/aggression (62.5%), depression/dysphoria (58.3%), and anxiety (55.8%). In caregivers, the levels of depression (PHQ-9: 11.2 ± 5.6), anxiety (GAD-7: 9.6 ± 4.8), and moderate-severe burden (ZBI: 38.4 ± 14.2) were moderate. Caregiver depression (r = 0.61), anxiety (r = 0.58) and burden (r = 0.67; p < 0.001 all) were positively correlated with total BPSD severity. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that the severity of BPSD, female gender, spousal relationship, extended period of care giving, and more hours of daily care giving were important predictors of caregiver distress. The analysis of interactions revealed that female caregivers were disproportionately higher burdened with increase in BPSD severity. The overlays that were confirmed through regression showed strong linear relationships between NPI scores and caregiver psychological outcomes. Conclusion: Dementia behavioral and psychological symptoms are a serious threat to the mental health of the caregivers, and the symptoms of agitation, depressive symptoms, and sleeping problems are the main reasons. The female and spousal caregivers, and those giving long-term and intensive care, are highly susceptible. These results indicate that combined, caregiver-based dementia care approaches that are sensitive to the effects of neuropsychiatric symptoms of patients and psychological support of caregivers are necessary. To enhance patient and caregiver outcomes, it is necessary to identify high-risk caregivers at an early stage and implement interventions to improve outcomes
Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia
Copyright (c) 2026 Dr. Binnur ÖZKAR, Dr. Sinan ELİAÇIK (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
CONFLICT MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES AS FACTORS MITIGATING INSECURITY IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN SOUTHEAST, NIGERIA: A CORRELATION ANALYSIS
The study determined conflict management strategies as factors mitigating insecurity in secondary schools in Southeast, Nigeria. Three (3) specific purposes, corresponding research questions, and three (3) null hypotheses guided the study. A correlation research design was adopted for the study. The study involved 420 teachers from 420 schools drawn from three states of Ebonyi, Enugu and Anambra in Southeast geopolitical zone. Two instruments, the Conflict Management Strategy Questionnaire (CMSQ) and the Secondary Schools Insecurity Questionnaire (SSIQ), developed by the researchers, were used for data collection. The internal consistency reliability index obtained using Cronbach's alpha was 0.82. Data collected were analyzed using simple linear regression analyses through SPSS version 26.0. The findings of the study revealed that 28.7% of the variation in factors mitigating secondary schools insecurity can be attributed to the conflict management strategies, which is statistically significant. Also, 19.9% of the variation in factors mitigating secondary schools insecurity can be attributed to collaborative strategies, which is statistically significant. Also, 8.21% and 2.3% variations in factors mitigating secondary schools insecurity can be attributed to compromising and avoiding conflict management strategies respectively, which is statistically significant. Principals should mitigate insecurity and build safer secondary school environment for all stakeholders using conflict management strategies.
collaborative conflict management strategy
compromising conflict management strategy
Copyright (c) 2024 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
Nursing Students Knowledge Regarding Innovative Approach of Cord Blood Collection and Stem Cells: Intervention Study
Background: Umbilical cord blood (UCB) collection and stem cells researches represent rapidly advancing and widely debated areas in contemporary science and healthcare. UCB is a valuable and rich source of stem cells and is currently used in the treatment of more than 80 medical conditions.
Cord blood collection, Innovative approach, Knowledge, Stem cell
Hanaa Mohamed Ali, Hanan Abdelmohdy Emarah, Hanan Morsy Salim and Amany Abdo Hussein
BLOCK CHAIN-ENABLED DEEP LEARNING FRAMEWORK FOR CYBERSECURITY AND SECURE IOT DATA ANALYTICS
The proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has precipitated an unprecedented expansion of the digital attack surface, rendering traditional cybersecurity paradigms increasingly inadequate. The voluminous, high-velocity data generated by IoT ecosystems necessitates robust, intelligent analytics, yet it simultaneously introduces profound vulnerabilities related to data integrity, privacy, and single points of failure. This paper proposes a novel, integrated framework that synergizes the immutable, decentralized trust architecture of blockchain with the potent predictive capabilities of deep learning (DL) to fortify cybersecurity and secure IoT data analytics. The proposed framework leverages blockchain to establish a tamper-proof ledger for recording IoT data transactions and model parameters, thereby ensuring data provenance and auditability. Concurrently, advanced DL models, trained on this verified data stream, are deployed for real-time anomaly detection, intrusion classification, and predictive threat intelligence. This symbiosis not only enhances the security and reliability of the data fueling the analytical models but also facilitates decentralized, collaborative learning—such as federated learning—where model updates are securely aggregated and recorded on the blockchain to preserve data privacy. Our analysis delineates the architectural components, security threat mitigation mechanisms, and performance benchmarks of this hybrid paradigm, arguing that it represents a critical evolution towards resilient, transparent, and trustworthy intelligent systems for the next-generation IoT landscape.
Copyright (c) 2024 Swagatika Lenka, Dr. Sanjay Bajpai, Dr. Virendra Kumar Tiwari, Dr. Kavita Kanathey (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
Vitamin D₃ and Vitamin K₂ as Modulators of Adaptive Immunity: Insights from Experimental Models of Lymphocyte Dysfunction
Background: Vitamin D₃ and Vitamin K₂ have emerged as key nutrient regulators of immune balance, particularly within the adaptive immune system where B and T lymphocytes play central roles in antigen-specific responses. Experimental and clinical evidence increasingly suggests that Vitamin D₃ modulates lymphocyte maturation, differentiation, cytokine expression, and tolerance, primarily throughbinding of its active metabolite calcitriol to the vitamin D receptor
Soad Abdullah A. Selim, Eman R. Abozaid , Asmaa Mohamed Abdelmonem Ahmed, Sara G. Seada
Timing of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy in Acute Cholecystitis: Early Surgery, Delayed Surgery, and What the Evidence Supports
Background: Acute cholecystitis is one of the most common surgical emergencies worldwide, and laparoscopic cholecystectomy remains the definitive treatment. However, the optimal timing of surgery—whether performed early during index admission or delayed after an initial period of conservative management—has been a subject of longstanding debate. Historically, delayed cholecystectomy was favoreddue to concerns regarding inflammation
Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy, Early, Delayed, Acute Cholecystitis
Mohamed Negm, Mohamed Fathy Said Kassem, Refaat.DO , Abd Elwahab M. Hamed
Cellular Melanocyte Transfer in Stable Vitiligo: Comparative Insights into Trypsinized and Non-Trypsinized Non-Cultured Epidermal Grafting Techniques
Background: Vitiligo is a chronic depigmenting disorder characterized by the selective loss of functional melanocytes, leading to significant psychosocial and quality-of-life impairment. While medical therapies such as topical immunomodulators and phototherapy remain first-line options, a substantial subset of patients with stable vitiligo exhibit inadequate or incomplete responses. For these patients, surgicalmodalities— particularly cellular melanocyte
Trypsinized , Non-Trypsinized ,Non-Cultured, Epidermal Grafting, Stable Vitiligo
Manal El-Sayed Ibrahim, Ahmed Said Abd Elshafy, Eman Hassan Kherba
Combined Lipoabdominoplasty and Back Liposuction: Objective Aesthetic Analysis and Patient-Reported Outcome Measures
Background: Lipoabdominoplasty has evolved as a refined technique that integrates liposuction with abdominoplasty to improve abdominal contour while preserving vascularity and reducing morbidity. However, aesthetic evaluation of the anterior trunk alone may underestimate the overall visual impact of body contouring, as the posterior trunk and flanks play a critical role in waist definition and global harmony. Simultaneous back liposuction
Lipoabdominoplasty, Back Liposuction, Aesthetic Analysis
Alaa Nabil Elsadek , Mohammad Reda Ahmad , Faisal Ahmed Ahmed Haddadi
Prevalence of Exfoliative and Superantigen Toxin genes in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from clinical specimens in Al-Samawah city
Background and Objectives: The success of S. aureus as a pathogen is largely attributed to its ability to produce a diverse array of toxins, including exfoliative toxins and superantigens The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of eta, etb, etd and sed genes in S. aureus. Materials and Methods: In this study, we investigated the prevalence of eta, etb, etd and sed genes using PCR in 100 clinical (8 burns, 68 wounds,11 skin sores,13 urine) isolatesobtained from clinical samples during the year 2023. The samples wereobtained from an educational hospital in southern Iraq. Results: Overall, 41(59%) suspected S. aureus isolates were identified from a total of 100 samples which includes 29 (11.89%) from wounds, 5 (2.05%) from burn, 5 (2.05%)from skins sore and 2 (0.82%) from urine . 19 (46.34%), 30 (73%), 22 (53.8%) and 38 (92.7%) of the isolates carried the eta, etb and etd genes, respectively. The most common genotype among isolates obtained from clinical samples was seb and the least common was eta . Conclusion: Through our current study, we have noticed that the rates of eta, etb, etd and sed genes are very high, and this portends in the coming years the possibility of an increase in the number of infections caused by the aforementioned toxins.
HABILITATING THE DEVELOPING BRAIN: A NARRATIVE REVIEW ON THE ROLE OF EARLY PHYSIOTHERAPY IN CEREBRAL PALSY AMONG INFANTS AGED 0–12 MONTHS
The most prevalent form of physical disability in children is cerebral palsy, which frequently coexists with prematurity or abnormal brain impairment in infants. Since the essential neuroplastic window extends throughout infancy, early physiotherapy can bring significant value to the motor and functional development. This review summarizes the data on the effects of physiotherapeutic interventions that are implemented in the first years of life in infants diagnosed with or at risk of CP. It studies the models, mechanisms of delivery, and outcomes, as well as effectiveness. A Structured narrative review was performed in which 396 articles were identified in databases with the help of Boolean operators. Following the application of the inclusion/exclusion criteria and constraints after screening, 20 studies were selected. The analysis and summary of interventions were done in terms of timing, modality, parent involvement, and motor outcomes. Studies demonstrated early physiotherapy’s role in enhancing gross motor function, postural control, and movement quality in infants with or at risk for cerebral palsy. Therapist-led interventions emphasized neurodevelopmental principles, alignment strategies, and enriched sensorimotor play. While parent-mediated models supported continuity, the physiotherapist’s role in goal setting and clinical calibration remained central. Starting physiotherapy during the first year of life has significant developmental benefits for infants who are at risk of CP. The facts advocated a change towards motor training integrated with environmental-enriched and cognitive stimulation, which are structured, family-based.
Copyright (c) 2024 Deepak Nainwal , Ankit Bhargava, Parul R Agrawal (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.en
Effect of an Educational Program about Management on Relapse Multiple Sclerosis Patients
Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the leading cause of neurologic disability in young adults. Although not generally a fatal disease, the social impact of disability caused by MS is substantial. MS results in loss of employment, causes dependency on care providers, and often leads to social isolation
Educational program , Management , Relapse, multiple sclerosis
Sara Lmloum Noaman , Eman Saleh Mohamed Shahin, sherief M. Al. shazly, Mona Abed El-Rahman Mohammed