Gamification in Nursing Education: A Systematic Review of Its Impact on Knowledge Retention and Skills Development Among Novice Nursing Students

Abstract

This review study examined 40 studies investigating gamification's effects on knowledge retention and skill development in novice nursing students. The studies included randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental designs that tested various gamification approaches against traditional teaching methods. The studies reviewed found that students in gamified learning groups often scored higher on knowledge assessments and clinical skill evaluations than those in traditional learning groups. The improvement levels varied by intervention type and specific skills being taught. Multiple studies reported increased student engagement and satisfaction with gamified learning compared to traditional methods. Several studies also documented improved self-confidence and decreased anxiety among students practicing clinical skills through gamified approaches. The interventions examined included board games, virtual reality simulations, mobile applications, and escape rooms. While most approaches showed positive results, some studies found no significant differences between gamified and traditional methods, particularly in long- term knowledge retention assessments. The studies identified several practical considerations for implementing gamified learning, including resource requirements, curriculum integration, and student learning preferences. Success factors included clear alignment with learning objectives and appropriate technical support. Research gaps identified include the need for standardized assessment methods, longer-term follow-up studies, and comparative analyses of different gamification approaches for specific clinical skills. The studies also highlighted the importance of examining how gamified learning translates to clinical practice performance.