Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Comprehensive Review of Risk Factors, Screening, and Management
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48047/mv8kvf75Keywords:
Retinopathy of prematurity, diagnosis, treatmentAbstract
Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of childhood blindness, particularly in preterm infants with low birth weight and prolonged oxygen therapy. The epidemiology of ROP varies globally, with higher incidences in low- and middle-income countries due to increasing neonatal survival rates and inconsistent screening programs. In developed countries, advances in neonatal care have reduced the severity of ROP but have not eliminated its occurrence. The condition primarily affects infants born before 32 weeks of gestation or with a birth weight below 1500 grams. Risk factors include oxygen supplementation, sepsis, intraventricular hemorrhage, and poor postnatal weight gain.
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References
Smith LE. Pathogenesis of retinopathy of prematurity. Semin Neonatol. 2003;8(6):469-473. 2. Gilbert C. Retinopathy of prematurity: A global perspective of the epidemics, population of babies at risk, and implications for control. Early Hum Dev. 2008;84(2):77-82
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