Comparison and Calibration of Axillary and Esophageal Temperature Measurements in Critically Ill ICU Patients: A Prospective Observational Study.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48047/1jah5d54Keywords:
Temperature management, Esophageal temperature, Axillary temperature, Intensive care unit, Concordance correlation coefficient.Abstract
BACKGROUND: Accurate temperature monitoring is critical in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) settings given its influence
on treatment decisions. While esophageal temperature measurement is the gold standard, its invasive nature limits
application. This study investigates the correlation and agreement between axillary (non-invasive) and esophageal
temperature measurements in critically ill patients.
METHODS: A prospective observational study was conducted over six months, including adult ICU patients requiring
continuous temperature monitoring. Both temperature measurements were taken simultaneously, yielding 1,109
pairs for analysis using Bland-Altman, correlation coefficients, and regression modeling.
RESULTS: The mean axillary temperature was 99.03°F, while esophageal averaged 98.93°F. Moderate correlation
was observed (Pearson's r = 0.388; Spearman's ρ = 0.568). Bland-Altman analysis indicated a mean bias of 0.154°F,
mitigated by a calibration model. Hyperthermia detection models showed improved sensitivity (55%) using machine
learning approaches.
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References
Scirica BM. Therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest. Circulation. 2013;127(2):244-50.
Kim F, Nichol G, Maynard C, Hallstrom A, Kudenchuk PJ, Rea T, Copass MK, Carlbom D, Deem S, Longstreth WT, Olsufka M. Effect of prehospital induction of mild hypothermia on survival and neurological status among adults with cardiac arrest: a randomized clinical trial. Jama. 1;311(1):45-52.
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