CLINICAL PROFILE AND MANAGEMENT OUTCOMES OF HYPERTENSIVE DISORDERS OF PREGNANCY (PRE-ECLAMPSIA/ECLAMPSIA) AT A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48047/xp1acw81Keywords:
hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, magnesium sulphateAbstract
Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), encompassing gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia and chronic hypertension with superimposed pre-eclampsia, remain a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, particularly in low- and middle-income settings such as South India. Characterising the clinical spectrum and short-term outcomes of these disorders at the tertiary-care level can inform triage, referral and resource allocation. Objectives: To describe the sociodemographic and clinical profile, management patterns and maternal and perinatal outcomes of women admitted with HDP at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Methods: This was a STROBE-compliant, hospital-based, cross-sectional study of 240 pregnant women with HDP. Sociodemographic characteristics, diagnostic subtype, admission blood pressure, proteinuria, platelet count, symptoms, antihypertensive and magnesium sulphate use, mode of delivery, maternal complications and perinatal outcomes were summarised using descriptive statistics. Results: Mean maternal age was 30.1 ± 7.0 years; 132 (55.0%) were from rural areas and 96 (40.0%) were unbooked. Pre-eclampsia with severe features (31.2%) and gestational hypertension (30.8%) predominated; eclampsia occurred in 14 (5.8%). Mean admission blood pressure was 174 ± 20 / 110 ± 11 mmHg. Labetalol (44.6%) was the most frequent antihypertensive and magnesium sulphate was administered to 172 (71.7%). The caesarean rate was 58.8%. Maternal ICU admission occurred in 9.6% and maternal mortality in 0.8%. Preterm birth (43.8%), NICU admission (37.5%) and perinatal mortality (8.75%) were common. Conclusion: HDP in this tertiary-care cohort was associated with substantial maternal and perinatal morbidity, high caesarean and preterm rates, and a notable burden among rural and unbooked women.
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