Standardizing SLR Test and Therapy Through Automation: A Technological Leap in Physiotherapy

Abstract

Both active and passive Straight Leg Raise (SLR) tests, as well as their therapy, have been an essential diagnostic tool for many physiotherapy conditions (in lumbar radiculopathy, hamstring tightness, postsurgical rehabilitation, etc.) for quite a long time. SLR test and therapy that traditionally are performed by the hands of a physical therapist, with the gold standard being practitioner-dependent and inconsistent from session to session, as well as individual. An innovative approach to increasing theprecision,standardisation, and effectiveness of the SLR test and its therapeutic application through automation. This could resultin advances to further automate the SLR test and (therapeutic) use, such that all (advanced) technologies, ie, robotic-assisted devices, sensors, and controls, are included. For example, robotic systems might be adapted to apply the test with absolute precision regarding angle, speed, and force. It removes the variability associatedwith manual testing and therapy so that it would beconsistent for every patient. On top of this, real-time feedback from sensors built into the module could allow clinicians to access in-depth biomechanical information such as muscle tension, joint angle, and nerve excitability, which could improve their diagnostics, leading to better patient analysis and diagnosis. Automation may also expedite SLR therapy with devices that could robotically applythe therapeutic skills. One would simply program vibrators or superficial heating modalities, and be more likely to performexact repetitive movements with accuracy and consistency (stretching, neurodynamics). This remote end-controlled automated technique is especially useful for longterm rehabilitation of patients, where the consistency of care provided by automation alleviates clinician fatigue and ensures adherence to therapy prescribed. Furthermore, biofeedback systems alongside such devices could be used by patients to be actively engaged in monitoring their status in their recovery process. Another potential avenue powered by automation is remote or home-based rehabilitation. Wireless, user-friendly automated SLR devices may enable patients to continue their therapy with limited supervision and data returns to healthcare professionals for ongoing monitoring, readjusting if necessary Leisure mode.