Innovative Protective Solutions for Manhole Cleaners in Pakistan: Material Analysis, Safety Gear Development, and Antimicrobial Advancements
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48047/jq0zjj69Keywords:
Manhole cleaners, Pakistan, occupational health, PVC, silver-infused fabric, health risks, urban sanitation, sewage systems.Abstract
Workers who clean manholes in Pakistan encounter serious health hazards due to dangerous working environments, including exposure to poisonous gases, harmful pathogens, and chemicals present in sewage systems. A REACH documentary revealed that health-related issues linked to their occupation lead to 80% of manhole workers dying before they reach the age of 60.
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References
Saeed, S., & Ali, A. (2020). Health Risks of Sewer Workers in Pakistan: A Review. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 36(5), 1076-1081. doi:10.12669/pjms.36.5.2676. 2. World Health Organization. (2010). Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries (2nd ed.). Washington, DC: The World Bank. Retrieved from WHO Website.
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